Publication Ethics

The following statements are based on Elsevier recommendations and COPE's Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.

Pharmacology and Herbal Medicine Journal (PHMJ) and its Publisher, Medical Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia, follow the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidelines.

PHMJ is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against publication malpractice. Authors who submit papers to PHMJ attest that their work is original and unpublished and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. In addition, authors confirm that their paper is their own work, that it has not been copied or plagiarized, in whole or in part, from other works, and that they have disclosed any actual or potential conflicts of interest related to their work or financial benefits associated with it.

DUTIES OF EDITORS

Decision on the Publication of Articles
The Editor in Chief of PHMJ is responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal should be published. The Editor in Chief may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and is subject to legal requirements regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The Editor in Chief may consult with other editors or reviewers when making publication decisions.

Review of Manuscripts
The Editor in Chief must ensure that each manuscript is initially evaluated by the editor or co-editor, who may use appropriate software to examine the originality of the manuscript. After passing this initial assessment, the manuscript is forwarded to two referees for blind peer review. Each reviewer provides a recommendation to publish the manuscript in its present form, request revisions, or reject the manuscript. The review process generally requires at least one month after the reviewer confirms their willingness to review. However, the review period may vary depending on the quality and complexity of the manuscript. If the article is of very high or very low quality, a decision may be reached more quickly.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used by anyone who has access to the manuscript in their own research without the express written consent of the author.

Fair Play
Manuscripts shall be evaluated solely on their intellectual merit without regard to the authors' race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy.

Confidentiality
The Editor in Chief, editors, and editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher.

DUTIES OF REVIEWERS

Promptness
If a reviewer feels that it is not possible to complete the review of a manuscript within the stipulated time, the reviewer must communicate this to the editor so that the manuscript can be assigned to another reviewer.

Confidentiality
Information regarding manuscripts submitted by authors should be kept confidential and treated as privileged information.

Standards of Objectivity
Reviews should be conducted objectively. There shall be no personal criticism of the author. Reviewers should express their views clearly and provide supporting arguments.

Acknowledgement of Sources
Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that has previously been reported elsewhere should be accompanied by the relevant citation. Reviewers should also notify the Editor in Chief of any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.

Conflict of Interest
Reviewers should not review manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions associated with the manuscript.

DUTIES OF AUTHORS

Reporting Standards
Authors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

Data Access and Retention
Authors may be asked to provide raw data in connection with a paper for editorial review. Authors should be prepared to provide public access to such data, where practicable, and should retain such data for a reasonable period after publication.

Originality and Plagiarism
Authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works. If authors have used the work or words of others, these must be appropriately cited or quoted.

Multiple Publications
An author should not generally publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.

Acknowledgement of Sources
Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.

Authorship of the Paper
Authorship should be limited to those who have made significant contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Those who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project should be appropriately acknowledged or listed as contributors.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should also be disclosed.

Fundamental Errors in Published Works
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their own published work, it is the author's obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

PLAGIARISM AND PUBLICATION MALPRACTICE

The publisher and PHMJ do not allow any form of plagiarism. Plagiarism is considered a serious breach of scientific ethics by the entire scientific community. Any incident of plagiarism in a submitted manuscript or published paper, whether detected or reported, will be dealt with seriously and in accordance with applicable publication ethics guidelines. PHMJ continuously supports, advises, and welcomes suggestions from its Editorial Board and Reviewers regarding the prevention of publication malpractice and the maintenance of high ethical standards in scholarly publishing.